PDVSA has found a way to beat sanctions from U.S. Department of the Treasury. According to shipping line up data seen by this site, it exported a total of 16.5 million barrels of crude in August. Spain's Repsol, Italy's ENI and India's Reliance regularly lifted crude. In addition, new completely unknown and dodgy operators associated to Alex Saab's network continued taking crude to Singapore, for StS transfer onto China-bound cargoes.
Shamrium, Zervekas, Novosi Solutions, Delta LLC, Xiamen Logistic Grass are / were shells controlled by proxies of Saab (Axel Capriles and Joaquín Leal Jiménez), liquidated after one or two deals, and replaced by others such as Ztianjin Business, Wanneng M Unay, Kalinin Bussines, and Kasian Petrochemical.
Off-the-book trading activity, like that involving Eurotankers and TIPCO, is not featured in PDVSA's shipping line up.
Tankers involved in August were:
- DELTA TOLMI
- XENA
- FREEDOM
- DELTA ATLANTICA
- PARNASO
- BORA
- TOYA
- DELTA KANARIS
- BIRDIE
- OTOMAN
- SANTA MARINA
- ARITA
- DELTA IOS